Javascript中Async和Await用法总结

async function name([param[, param[, ... param]]]) { statements }

async function foo() {
   return 1
}

function foo() {
   return Promise.resolve(1)
}

async function foo() {
   await 1
}

function foo() {
   return Promise.resolve(1).then(() => undefined)
}

var resolveAfter2Seconds = function() {
  console.log("starting slow promise");
  return new Promise(resolve => {
    setTimeout(function() {
      resolve("slow");
      console.log("slow promise is done");
    }, 2000);
  });
};

var resolveAfter1Second = function() {
  console.log("starting fast promise");
  return new Promise(resolve => {
    setTimeout(function() {
      resolve("fast");
      console.log("fast promise is done");
    }, 1000);
  });
};

var sequentialStart = async function() {
  console.log('==SEQUENTIAL START==');

  // 1. Execution gets here almost instantly
  const slow = await resolveAfter2Seconds();
  console.log(slow); // 2. this runs 2 seconds after 1.

  const fast = await resolveAfter1Second();
  console.log(fast); // 3. this runs 3 seconds after 1.
}

var concurrentStart = async function() {
  console.log('==CONCURRENT START with await==');
  const slow = resolveAfter2Seconds(); // starts timer immediately
  const fast = resolveAfter1Second(); // starts timer immediately

  // 1. Execution gets here almost instantly
  console.log(await slow); // 2. this runs 2 seconds after 1.
  console.log(await fast); // 3. this runs 2 seconds after 1., immediately after 2., since fast is already resolved
}

var concurrentPromise = function() {
  console.log('==CONCURRENT START with Promise.all==');
  return Promise.all([resolveAfter2Seconds(), resolveAfter1Second()]).then((messages) => {
    console.log(messages[0]); // slow
    console.log(messages[1]); // fast
  });
}

var parallel = async function() {
  console.log('==PARALLEL with await Promise.all==');
  
  // Start 2 "jobs" in parallel and wait for both of them to complete
  await Promise.all([
      (async()=>console.log(await resolveAfter2Seconds())(),
      (async()=>console.log(await resolveAfter1Second())()
  ]);
}

// This function does not handle errors. See warning below!
var parallelPromise = function() {
  console.log('==PARALLEL with Promise.then==');
  resolveAfter2Seconds().then((message)=>console.log(message);
  resolveAfter1Second().then((message)=>console.log(message);
}

sequentialStart(); // after 2 seconds, logs "slow", then after 1 more second, "fast"

// wait above to finish
setTimeout(concurrentStart, 4000); // after 2 seconds, logs "slow" and then "fast"

// wait again
setTimeout(concurrentPromise, 7000); // same as concurrentStart

// wait again
setTimeout(parallel, 10000); // truly parallel: after 1 second, logs "fast", then after 1 more second, "slow"

// wait again
setTimeout(parallelPromise, 13000); // same as parallel

function getProcessedData(url) {
  return downloadData(url) // 返回一个 promise 对象
    .catch(e => {
      return downloadFallbackData(url)  // 返回一个 promise 对象
    })
    .then(v => {
      return processDataInWorker(v); // 返回一个 promise 对象
    });
}

async function getProcessedData(url) {
  let v;
  try {
    v = await downloadData(url); 
  } catch (e) {
    v = await downloadFallbackData(url);
  }
  return processDataInWorker(v);
}

async function getProcessedData(url) {
  let v;
  try {
    v = await downloadData(url);
  } catch(e) {
    v = await downloadFallbackData(url);
  }
  try {
    return await processDataInWorker(v); // 注意 `return await` 和单独 `return` 的比较
  } catch (e) {
    return null;
  }
}

function getSomething() {
    return "something";
}

async function testAsync() {
    return Promise.resolve("hello async");
}

async function test() {
    const v1 = await getSomething();
    const v2 = await testAsync();
    console.log(v1, v2);
}

test();

function takeLongTime() {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
        setTimeout(() => resolve("long_time_value"), 1000);
    });
}

takeLongTime().then(v => {
    console.log("got", v);
});

function takeLongTime() {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
        setTimeout(() => resolve("long_time_value"), 1000);
    });
}

async function test() {
    const v = await takeLongTime();
    console.log(v);
}

test();

/**
 * 传入参数 n，表示这个函数执行的时间（毫秒）
 * 执行的结果是 n + 200，这个值将用于下一步骤
 */
function takeLongTime(n) {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
        setTimeout(() => resolve(n + 200), n);
    });
}

function step1(n) {
    console.log(`step1 with ${n}`);
    return takeLongTime(n);
}

function step2(n) {
    console.log(`step2 with ${n}`);
    return takeLongTime(n);
}

function step3(n) {
    console.log(`step3 with ${n}`);
    return takeLongTime(n);
}

function doIt() {
    console.time("doIt");
    const time1 = 300;
    step1(time1)
        .then(time2 => step2(time2)
        .then(time3 => step3(time3)
        .then(result => {
            console.log(`result is ${result}`);
            console.timeEnd("doIt");
        });
}

doIt();

// c:\var\test>node --harmony_async_await .
// step1 with 300
// step2 with 500
// step3 with 700
// result is 900
// doIt: 1507.251ms

async function doIt() {
    console.time("doIt");
    const time1 = 300;
    const time2 = await step1(time1);
    const time3 = await step2(time2);
    const result = await step3(time3);
    console.log(`result is ${result}`);
    console.timeEnd("doIt");
}

doIt();

function step1(n) {
    console.log(`step1 with ${n}`);
    return takeLongTime(n);
}

function step2(m, n) {
    console.log(`step2 with ${m} and ${n}`);
    return takeLongTime(m + n);
}

function step3(k, m, n) {
    console.log(`step3 with ${k}, ${m} and ${n}`);
    return takeLongTime(k + m + n);
}

async function doIt() {
    console.time("doIt");
    const time1 = 300;
    const time2 = await step1(time1);
    const time3 = await step2(time1, time2);
    const result = await step3(time1, time2, time3);
    console.log(`result is ${result}`);
    console.timeEnd("doIt");
}

doIt();

// c:\var\test>node --harmony_async_await .
// step1 with 300
// step2 with 800 = 300 + 500
// step3 with 1800 = 300 + 500 + 1000
// result is 2000
// doIt: 2907.387ms

function doIt() {
    console.time("doIt");
    const time1 = 300;
    step1(time1)
        .then(time2 => {
            return step2(time1, time2)
                .then(time3 => [time1, time2, time3]);
        })
        .then(times => {
            const [time1, time2, time3] = times;
            return step3(time1, time2, time3);
        })
        .then(result => {
            console.log(`result is ${result}`);
            console.timeEnd("doIt");
        });
}

doIt();

//await使用在如下这种async函数中。
$scope.nextPage = async function () {
		var pass = false;
		var shix = $scope.shixiang;
		var list =[];
		var sx = {
			isShow: true,
			isValid: true,
			isCurrent: false,
			sxName: 'base'
		};
		list.push(sx);
		for (let key of Object.keys(shix) {
			let select = shix[key];
			if(select){
				var sx = {
					isShow: true,
					isValid: true,
					isCurrent: false,
					isOver: false,
					sxName: key
				};
				if(key == 'bysbd'){
					var res = await initGraduate();
                    //在这里，如果initGraduate()返回的resolve是false就弹出提示并且不能跳转下一页
					if (!res) {
						return;
					}
				}

				list.push(sx);
				pass = true;
			}
		}

		var linkUrl =  global_config.ahrefUrl+"packSubmit/views/packSubmitApplication.html";
		var param = {
			shixiang: list,
			choose: $scope.shixiang,
			temportary: $scope.temportary
		};
		var obj = {
			pageId: "packSubmitApplication",
			url: linkUrl,
			param: param
		};
		J2C.createNewWebPage(obj);
	}

function initGraduate () {
		var promise = new Promise(function (resolve,reject) {
			var data = {
				"aac002": $scope.idNumber
			};
			var headers = {
				"Authorization": $scope.token,
				"Content-Type": "application/json"
			};
			businessUtilService.getQuery(data, headers).then(function (response) {
				if (response.data.gridList !== null) {
					if (response.data.gridList[0].bbd012 === '1') {
						dialogMsg("提示不符合");
						resolve(false)
					} else {
						resolve(true)
					}
				} else {
					dialogMsg("提示不符合");
					resolve(false)
				}
			})
		})
		return promise;
	};